Pinaceae

Mountain pine

Pinus mugo Turra

Family: Pinaceae
Genus: Pinus

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Common names

By language (46)

Arabic: صنوبر قزمي, زيت الصنوبر, صنوبر بري, صنوبر موجو
arz: صنوبر موغو
Basque: Mugo pinu
Belarusian: Хвоя горная
Bulgarian: Клек
Chinese: 中欧山松, 歐洲山松, 欧洲山松
Croatian: Planinski bor, Bor krivulj
Czech: Borovice kleč, Borovice horská, Kleč, Kosodřevina
Danish: Bjergfyr, Bjerg-fyr, Bjerg-Fyr 'Mops', Dværgfyr
dsb: Górska chójca
English: Mountain pine, Mugo pine, Creeping pine, Dwarf mountainpine, Scrub mountain pine, Swiss mountain pine
Esperanto: Monta pino, Montara pino
Estonian: Mägimänd
Finnish: Vuorimänty
French: Pin de montagne, Pin de montagnes, Pin des montagnes
German: Bergkiefer, Berg-Kiefer, Bergföhre, Krummholz-Kiefer, Krüppelkiefer, Latschen-Kiefer, Latschenkiefer, Legforche
Greek: Βουνόπευκο
Hebrew: אורן ההרים
hsb: Hórska chójna
Hungarian: Havasi törpefenyő
Icelandic: Fjallafura
Indonesian: Tusam gunung
Italian: Mugo, Pini mughi, Pino di montagna, Pino mugo, Pino uncinato
Japanese: モンタナマツ, スイスコウザンマツ, スイスミヤママツ, ムゴマツ
koi: Керӧс пожум
Lithuanian: Kalninė pušis
lld: Barantl
Macedonian: Кривул
Norwegian Bokmål: Buskfuru
Persian: کاج مشهد
Polish: Kosodrzewina, Kosodrzew, Kosówka właściwa, Sosna górska, Sosna kosodrzewina, Kosodrzewina podgat. typowy
Portuguese: Pinheiro-anão, Pinheiro-das-montanhas
Romanian: Jneapăn
Romansh: Tieu da muntogna
Russian: Сосна горная
Serbian: Bor krivulj, Бор кривуљ
sgs: Kalnėnė pošės, Kalnėnė pošis
Slovak: Borovica horská, Kosodrevina
Slovenian: Rušje, Ruševje
Spanish: Pino de montaña, Pino negro
Swedish: Bergtall
Turkish: Dağ çamı
udm: Гурезь пужым
Ukrainian: Сосна гірська, Гірська сосна, Жереп
vec: Muga, Pino mugo
Welsh: Pinwydden y mynydd

Synonyms

Pinus applanata (Booth ex Loudon) Willk.
Pinus digenea Wettst.
Pinus echinata Carrière
Pinus fischeri Booth ex P.Lawson
Pinus magellensis Schouw
Pinus montana Mill.
Pinus montana f. slavinii Hornibr.
Pinus montana subsp. arborea (Tubeuf) Hegi
Pinus montana subsp. frutescens-erecta (Tubeuf) Hegi
Pinus montana subsp. mughus (Scop.) Willk.
Pinus montana subsp. prostrata (Tubeuf) Willk.
Pinus montana subsp. pumilio (Haenke) Čelak
Pinus montana var. applanata (Willk.) Willk.
Pinus montana var. arborea Tubeuf
Pinus montana var. centrapedunculata (Woerl.) Woerl.
Pinus montana var. frutescens-erecta Tubeuf
Pinus montana var. gibba (Willk.) H.Christ
Pinus montana var. impressa (Hartig ex Willk.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.
Pinus montana var. mughus (Scop.) Gremli
Pinus montana var. prostrata Tubeuf
Pinus montana var. pumilio (Haenke) Spach
Pinus montana var. pyramidalis Schröt.
Pinus mugho Laichard.
Pinus mughus Scop.
Pinus mughus f. applanata (Willk.) Beck
Pinus mughus f. pumilio (Haenke) Hayek
Pinus mughus var. bicolor Hartig ex Willk.
Pinus mughus var. brevispina Hartig ex Willk.
Pinus mughus var. decumbens Grab.
Pinus mughus var. depressa Hartig ex Willk.
Pinus mughus var. impressa Hartig ex Willk.
Pinus mughus var. laeta Hartig ex Willk.
Pinus mughus var. leptoclada Hartig ex Willk.
Pinus mughus var. longispina Hartig ex Willk.
Pinus mughus var. lutescens Hartig ex Willk.
Pinus mughus var. macroptera Hartig ex Willk.
Pinus mughus var. pumilio (Haenke) K.Koch
Pinus mughus var. pumilio (Haenke) Beck
Pinus mughus var. rufa Hartig ex Willk.
Pinus mugo f. applanata (Willk.) K.I.Chr.

and 46 more.

Flowers

Flower colour: yellow (USDA PLANTS Database)

Characteristics

Growth habit: Shrub, Tree
Lifespan: Perennial
In the US and Canada: Canada: introduced, Lower 48 states: introduced

Photos

Photo: Agnieszka Kwiecień, Nova, CC BY 2.5, from Wikimedia Commons
Photo: Grzegorz Grzejszczak, CC BY-SA 4.0, from iNaturalist
Photo: Aaron Liston, CC BY 4.0, from Wikimedia Commons
Photo: Mat, CC BY-SA 4.0, from Pl@ntNet via GBIF
Photo: Irene Saltini, CC0, from iNaturalist
Photo: Aaron Liston, CC BY 4.0, from Wikimedia Commons
Photo: marcofine, CC BY-SA 4.0, from Pl@ntNet via GBIF
Photo: Riccardo Riva, CC BY 4.0, from iNaturalist
Photo: Aaron Liston, CC BY 4.0, from Wikimedia Commons
Photo: marcofine, CC BY-SA 4.0, from Pl@ntNet via GBIF
Photo: F. Bemmerlein-Lux, CC BY 4.0, from iNaturalist
Photo: Aaron Liston, CC BY 4.0, from Wikimedia Commons

More in Pinus

Sources: classification, synonyms from World Flora Online Plant List (2026-06, CC0 1.0); common names, popularity from Wikidata (2026-10-26, CC0 1.0); common names, US characteristics from USDA PLANTS Database (2025-05-29, CC0 1.0). About our plant data.