Poaceae

Darnel ryegrass

Lolium temulentum L.

Family: Poaceae
Genus: Lolium

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Darnel ryegrass: Lolium temulentum , Poaceae, Darnel, Cockle, habitus. The ripe, dried fruits are used in homeopathy as remedy: Lolium temulentum — Photo: H. Zell, CC BY-SA 3.0, from Wikimedia Commons

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Common names

By language (42)

Amharic: እንክርዳድ
Arabic: زوان مسكر, براقة, جليف, خرطان, رويطة, زوان, شالم, شليم الزوان
Armenian: Հարբեցնող որոմ
arz: زوان مسكر
Asturian: Rabigallu
Azerbaijani: Bihuşedici quramit
Basque: Iraka
Belarusian: Жыцік ап’яняючы
Catalan: Zitzània, Ivraie enivrante, Jull
Chinese: 毒麥, 毒麦, 长芒毒麦, 田野黑麦草
Croatian: Pijani ljulj
Czech: Jílek mámivý
Danish: Giftig rajgræs
Dutch: Dolik
English: Darnel ryegrass, Darnel, Darnel ryegrass, bearded darnel, tares
Esperanto: Lolo
Estonian: Uimastav raihein
Finnish: Myrkkyraiheinä
French: Ivraie enivrante, Herbe à couteau
Galician: Xoio
German: Taumel-Lolch, Taumellolch, Ivraie enivrante, Rauschgras
grc: Αἶρα, Ζιζάνιον, Θύαρος
Hebrew: זון משכר
hsb: Jědojta motawa, Pjanka, Zamotowanka
Hungarian: Konkolyperje, Szédítő vadóc
io: Lolio
Japanese: ドクムギ, 毒麦
Korean: 독보리
Lithuanian: Nelaboji svidrė, Ivraie enivrante
Macedonian: Пијанка, Дива лулка, Пијанец
Norwegian Bokmål: Svimling
os: Расыггæнæг сысылы
Persian: چچم, گیجدانه
Polish: Życica roczna
Portuguese: Joio
Punjabi: ਰਾਈ ਘਾਹ
Quechua: Khipa qachu
Russian: Плевел опьяняющий
Spanish: Baliyo, Barrachuela, Borrachuela, Bueligo, Buéligo, Cizana comun, Cizana común, Cizania
Swedish: Dårrepe, Ivraie enivrante
Walloon: Dårnale, Sôlante dråwe
Welsh: Efrau

Synonyms

Bromus temulentus Bernh.
Craepalia temulenta (L.) Schrank
Festuca temulenta (L.) J.P.Sm. & Columbus
Loliola pratensis Dubois
Lolium aegyptiacum Bellardi ex Rouville
Lolium album Steud.
Lolium annuum Lam.
Lolium arvense With.
Lolium arvense var. geniculatum Dumort.
Lolium arvense var. hostii Dumort.
Lolium arvense var. liniforme Dumort.
Lolium arvense var. major Hagenb.
Lolium arvense var. majus Fr.
Lolium arvense var. minor Desm.
Lolium arvense var. minus Gaudin
Lolium arvense var. muticum Pauquy
Lolium arvense var. speciosum Gaudin
Lolium asperum Roth ex Kunth
Lolium asperum Roth
Lolium berteronianum Steud.
Lolium cuneatum Nevski
Lolium decipiens Dumort.
Lolium giganteum Roem. & Schult.
Lolium gracile (Dumort.) Dumort.
Lolium gracile Hegetschw.
Lolium gussonei Nyman
Lolium infelix Rouville
Lolium longiglume St.-Lag.
Lolium lucidum Dumort.
Lolium maximum Willd.
Lolium maximum Guss.
Lolium pseudolinicola Gennari
Lolium remotum f. asperum Anghel & Beldie
Lolium robustum Rchb.
Lolium speciosum Steven ex M.Bieb.
Lolium temulentum f. arvense (With.) Junge
Lolium temulentum f. asperum (Asch.) Neuman
Lolium temulentum f. leve Pamp.
Lolium temulentum f. macrochaeton (A.Braun) Junge
Lolium temulentum f. muticum (Boiss.) Rech.f.

and 29 more.

Flowers

In flower: March to June, August, November (from 158 flowering iNaturalist observations worldwide)

Characteristics

Growth habit: Graminoid
Lifespan: Annual
In the US and Canada: Alaska: introduced, Canada: introduced, Hawaii: introduced, Lower 48 states: introduced

Photos

Photo: H. Zell, CC BY-SA 3.0, from Wikimedia Commons
Photo: H. Zell, CC BY-SA 3.0, from Wikimedia Commons
Photo: Roger Culos, CC BY-SA 4.0, from Wikimedia Commons
Photo: Александр Сигачёв, CC0, from Wikimedia Commons

More in Lolium

Sources: classification, synonyms from World Flora Online Plant List (2026-06, CC0 1.0); common names, popularity from Wikidata (2026-10-26, CC0 1.0); common names, US characteristics from USDA PLANTS Database (2025-05-29, CC0 1.0). About our plant data.