Gentianaceae

European centaury

Centaurium erythraea Rafn

Family: Gentianaceae
Genus: Centaurium

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European centaury (Centaurium erythraea) — FlowerPhoto: zebedeugalinha, CC BY 4.0, from iNaturalist

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Common names

By language (55)

Arabic: قنطريوم إرتري
Armenian: Դառնալեղի էրիտրեա
arz: قنطريوم اريثرايا
Asturian: Centaura menor
Azerbaijani: Kiçik qızılçətir
ba: Һарыгүҙ
Basque: Belarmin
Belarusian: Цвінтарэй звычайны, Сардэчнік, Тысячнік, Цвінтарэй малы, Цэнтаўрыя
Bulgarian: Червен кантарион
Catalan: Herba de Santa Margarida
Chinese: 日本鬼灯檠, 日本鬼燈檠, 红色百金花
Croatian: Kičica
Czech: Zeměžluč okolíkatá, Zeměžluč hořká
Danish: Mark-Tusindgylden
Dutch: Echt duizendguldenkruid
English: European centaury, Centaury, Common centaury, Drug centaury
Esperanto: Eritreo
Estonian: Harilik maasapp
Finnish: Rohtosappi
French: Erythrée petite centaurée, Herbe à Chiron, Petite-centaurée, Petite-centaurée commune, Petite-centaurée rouge, Érythrée, Petite centaurée
Georgian: Ასისთავა
German: Echtes Tausendgüldenkraut, Echtes Tausendguldenkraut, Gemeines Tausendgüldenkraut
grc: Κενταύριον μικρόν
Hebrew: ערבז סוככני
hsb: Prawa wjelezłotowka
Hungarian: Kis ezerjófű
Irish: Dréimire Muire
Italian: Centaurea minore, Erythrea centaurium
Japanese: ベニバナセンブリ, ケンタウリウム・エリサラエア, ケンタウリウム・エリスラエア, ケンタウリウム・エリトラエア, センタウリウムソウ, センタウリー
kab: Ɣlilu
Kazakh: Шатырша толғақшөп
Korean: 센토리
kw: Skeul Varia
Latvian: Čemuru augstiņš
Lithuanian: Skėtinė širdažolė
Macedonian: Црвен кантарион
Malayalam: സെന്റോറിയം എറിത്രിയ, കോമൺ സെഞ്ച്വറി, യൂറോപ്യൻ സെഞ്ചൂറി
mwl: Fiel de la tierra
Norwegian Bokmål: Skjermgylden
os: Аууондархуыз
Persian: قنطوریون صغیر
Polish: Centuria pospolita, Centuria zwyczajna, Tysiącznik, Tysiącznik pospolity
Portuguese: Fel-da-terra, Centáurea-menor
Romanian: Țintaură, Ţintaură, Fierea pământului, Fierea pămîntului
Russian: Золототысячник обыкновенный, Золототысячник зонтичный, Золототысячник малый
Serbian: Кичица, Kičica
Serbian (Latin): Kičica, Crveni kantarion, Grozničavče
sgs: Šėrdažuolė
Slovak: Zemežlč menšia
Slovenian: Navadna tavžentroža, Tavžentroža
Spanish: Hiel de tierra, Hiel del campo, Hierba de guirón, Yerba margosa, Aciano, Amargosa, Centaura, Centaura menor
Swedish: Flockarun
Tatar: Гади кызыл чатыр
Ukrainian: Золототисячник малий, Сардушник, Семисильник, Центурія
Welsh: Y ganrhi goch, Camri'r coed, Ysgol Fair

Synonyms

Centaurium centaurium (L.) W.Wight ex Piper
Centaurium erythraea subsp. austriacum (Ronniger ex Fritsch) Kožuharov & Petrova
Centaurium minus Moench
Centaurium minus subsp. austriacum (Ronniger) O.Schwarz
Chironia centaurium (L.) F.W.Schmidt
Erythraea centaurium (L.) Pers.
Erythraea centaurium Borkh.
Erythraea vulgaris Gray
Gentiana centaurium L.
Gonipia linearis Raf.

Flowers

In flower: January, June to August (from 1,834 flowering iNaturalist observations worldwide)

Characteristics

Growth habit: Forb/herb
Lifespan: Annual, Biennial
In the US and Canada: Canada: introduced, Hawaii: introduced, Lower 48 states: introduced, Pacific Basin: introduced

Photos

FlowerPhoto: zebedeugalinha, CC BY 4.0, from iNaturalist
FlowerPhoto: Lucia Rose, CC BY 4.0, from iNaturalist
FlowerPhoto: Saryu Mae 前朝琉, CC BY 4.0, from iNaturalist
FlowerPhoto: zebedeugalinha, CC BY 4.0, from iNaturalist
Photo: Hans Hillewaert, CC BY-SA 3.0, from Wikimedia Commons
Photo: zebedeugalinha, CC BY 4.0, from iNaturalist
Photo: AnRo0002, CC0, from Wikimedia Commons
Photo: AnRo0002, CC0, from Wikimedia Commons
Photo: zebedeugalinha, CC BY 4.0, from iNaturalist
Photo: AnRo0002, CC0, from Wikimedia Commons
Photo: AnRo0002, CC0, from Wikimedia Commons
Photo: Oleg Kosterin, CC BY 4.0, from iNaturalist

More in Centaurium

Sources: classification, synonyms from World Flora Online Plant List (2026-06, CC0 1.0); common names, popularity from Wikidata (2026-10-26, CC0 1.0); common names, US characteristics from USDA PLANTS Database (2025-05-29, CC0 1.0). About our plant data.